Isolation and phenotypic characterization of bacteriophage SA14 with lytic- and anti-biofilm activity against multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecalis

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance is a growing global health concern demanding more attention and action at the international-, national- regional levels. In present study, bacteriophage was sought as potential alternative to traditional antibiotics. Results Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis isolated from urine sample. Partial 16S rRNA-gene sequencing VITEK®2 system were employed for its identification, biochemical characterization, antibiotic susceptibility testing. The isolate resistant eight antibiotics (out of 11): vancomycin, gentamicin (high-level synergy), streptomycin ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, erythromycin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, tetracycline. Bacteriophage SA14 sewage water using multidrug-resistant host. Transmission electron micrographs revealed that phage member Siphoviridae family displaying typical circular head long non-contractile tail. showed characteristic stability wide range solution pH temperatures, with optimal 7.4 4 °C, while showing high specificity toward their Based on one-step growth curve, phage's latent period 25 min, burst size 20 PFU/ml. lytic activity evaluated various multiplicities infection (MOI), all considerably suppressed host organism. Moreover, displayed anti-biofilm observed by reduction in adhered biomass -viable cells pre-formed biofilm 19.1-fold 2.5-fold, respectively. Conclusion Phage therapy can be valuable against multi-drug microorganisms.